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High efficiency plant production of North American ginseng via somatic embryogenesis from cotyledon explants.

Zhou S, Brown DC

Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford St., London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada, browndc@agr.gc.ca.

An efficient in vitro protocol for plant production of North American ginseng has been established. The pretreatment of cotyledon explants with 1.0 M sucrose at 4 degrees C resulted in an improvement of embryo quality and, combined with a higher sucrose content (7%) in induction medium, improved the embryogenesis frequency from 40% to 75% and the number of embryos per explant from 10 to 21. The frequency of secondary embryogenesis from somatic embryo-derived tissues cultured on MS medium with 1.0 mg l(-1) 2, 4-D and 1.0 mg l(-1) NAA is up to 90%. Somatic embryos can further develop to maturity on SH medium supplemented with 1% activated charcoal and half of them can germinate. About 85% of the germinated embryos will convert into plants with well-developed taproot systems on (1/2) SH medium with 0.5% activated charcoal. The growth chamber and field establishment rates were 95.6 and 93.7%, respectively. The plants transplanted to growth chambers and field plots appear normal.

Published 9 March 2006 in Plant Cell Rep, 25(3): 166-73.
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